Category: Addiction

Methamphetamine addiction—often referred to more colloquially as meth addiction—remains one of the most severe and fast-acting forms of substance use disorder in the United States. Classified as a highly addictive stimulant, methamphetamine (commonly known as crystal meth) affects the central nervous system (CNS), producing powerful euphoric effects. However, these short-lived highs come at a staggering cost to an individual’s physical, mental, and social well-being.

Being able to spot the signs of meth addiction will help you determine whether you or a loved one needs professional help. Some of the main signs include significant and unexplained weight loss, dental decay, skin sores, picking, dilated pupils, unexplained energy, mood swings, social isolation, and more.

In this article, you will learn:

• What are the signs of meth addiction?
• What are the health consequences of long-term methamphetamine abuse?
• How to recognize when it’s time to seek early intervention or meth addiction treatment.

A Nation in Crisis: The Scope of Meth Use

According to the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), an estimated 2.5 million Americans reported using methamphetamine in the past year.[1] While this represents a slight decrease from previous years, the number of methamphetamine use disorder cases—defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)—continues to rise, especially among younger adults and rural populations.

Meth is often misused recreationally, but in some cases, it begins as a legitimate prescription for conditions like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, these medical uses differ significantly from street-level meth both in formulation and safety. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) classifies meth as a Schedule II drug, underscoring its extremely addictive properties and potential for fatal overdose.[2]

The Physical Signs of Meth Addiction

One of the first visible red flags is a dramatic shift in physical appearance. Meth addiction often leads to rapid and severe deterioration of the body. Look for these symptoms:

1. Significant Weight Loss

Meth suppresses appetite, leading to decreased caloric intake. This can result in significant weight loss within just a few weeks of regular use.

2. Severe Dental Problems (“Meth Mouth”)

Meth damages blood vessels and reduces saliva production, causing tooth decay, gum disease, and eventual tooth loss. Users often exhibit severe dental problems and stained, broken, or missing teeth.

3. Skin Sores and Picking

Meth users frequently develop skin sores from obsessive picking, often triggered by the sensation of bugs crawling on or under the skin (formication). These sores can become infected and leave permanent scars.

4. Dilated Pupils and Irregular Heartbeat

As a CNS stimulant, meth causes dilated pupils, increased blood pressure, irregular heartbeat, and body temperature spikes—sometimes leading to seizures or cardiovascular collapse.

Behavioral and Psychological Signs

Meth not only alters the body, but it also dramatically changes behavior and mood. The behavioral and psychological signs of meth addiction include:

1. Mood Swings and Paranoia

Intense mood swings—from euphoric highs to violent rages or deep depressions—are common. Long-term use can lead to delusions, paranoia, and psychological dependence.

2. Criminal Behavior and Risky Activity

To fund their addiction, some users may engage in criminal behavior, such as theft, fraud, or drug trafficking. Risky sexual behavior and poor decision-making are also common.

3. Social Isolation and Financial Problems

Users may cut ties with friends and family, withdraw from work or school, and face financial problems due to drug-related spending or job loss.

4. Compulsive Repetitive Behavior

Meth users sometimes exhibit obsessive, repetitive tasks—like cleaning or sorting—that can last for hours, indicative of disrupted dopamine regulation in the brain.

Psychological and Cognitive Impact of Meth Abuse

Prolonged meth use can inflict lasting damage on brain function, leading to:

• Memory loss and cognitive decline
• Difficulty concentrating
• Hallucinations and delusions
• Increased risk of mental health disorders such as anxiety, depression, and co-occurring disorders like PTSD or bipolar disorder

According to Science Direct, methamphetamine use is linked to an increased risk of developing chronic mental illness, particularly among those with a family history of psychological conditions.[3]

Meth Withdrawal Symptoms: The Crash After the High

Meth withdrawal is both physically and mentally punishing, contributing to the cycle of drug abuse. Symptoms typically appear within 24 hours of last use and can include:

• Intense cravings
• Severe fatigue and sleep disturbances
• Depression and suicidal thoughts
• Psychomotor retardation (slowed physical and mental responses)
• Increased appetite following a period of starvation
  

Withdrawal symptoms may last days to weeks, depending on the length and intensity of methamphetamine addiction. These symptoms often drive individuals to reuse the drug in an attempt to avoid the crash—a behavior known as “chasing the high.”

Meth Overdose: The Ultimate Risk

A methamphetamine overdose can be fatal. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), meth-related overdoses have increased by more than 50% over the past five years.[4]

The overdose effects often involve:

• Seizures
• Stroke or heart attack
• Hyperthermia (elevated body temperature)
• Organ failure
  

Mixing meth with other drugs, especially opioids like fentanyl, dramatically increases the risk of a fatal overdose.

Why Is Meth So Addictive?

Meth triggers a surge in dopamine—up to 1,250% more than natural levels—producing intense euphoria, energy, and focus. But over time, the brain becomes reliant on the drug to feel any pleasure at all. This psychological dependence is what makes meth so hard to quit.

What starts as a way to feel better quickly morphs into a stimulant use disorder with far-reaching consequences: mental disorders, health problems, and even death.

Risk Factors: Who’s Most Vulnerable?

Not everyone who tries meth becomes addicted, but several factors increase vulnerability:

• Family history of substance abuse or mental health disorders
• History of trauma or abuse
• Lack of access to mental health or social services
• Peer pressure or environmental exposure
• Genetic predispositions affecting dopamine regulation
  

These risk factors aren’t definitive, but they do help clinicians identify high-risk individuals and implement preventive measures.

When to Seek Help: Early Intervention Matters

The earlier meth addiction is identified, the better the chances for recovery. If you or a loved one exhibits multiple signs listed above—especially psychological problems, behavioral symptoms, or severe physical symptoms—seek professional meth addiction treatment immediately.

Evidence-based treatments for meth addiction include:

• Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
• Contingency management programs
• Support groups and 12-step programs
• Integrated treatment for co-occurring disorders
• Access to mental health services and relapse prevention planning

While there are no FDA-approved medications for meth addiction (yet), several clinical trials are underway. Until then, structured therapy, community support, and personalized care remain the gold standard.

Get Connected to Meth Addiction Treatment Today

Methamphetamine addiction is a complex, devastating disease—but it’s not a life sentence. Recognizing the signs of meth addiction—whether in yourself or someone close to you—is the first step toward healing. With the right resources, support system, and medical care, recovery is possible.

Contact Blue Star Recovery today to get connected with a highly-rated meth use treatment center. We can help you overcome meth use disorder and regain control over your life.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. How long does meth stay in your system?

Methamphetamine can be detected in urine for up to 3–5 days after last use, though this window may extend for chronic users. In blood tests, meth is typically detectable for 1–3 days, while hair tests can show evidence of use for up to 90 days. Factors like dosage, metabolism, and method of ingestion can influence detection times.

2. Can someone recover from meth addiction without professional treatment?

While a small percentage of individuals may quit on their own, most benefit significantly from professional treatment and structured support. Meth withdrawal is emotionally intense and often leads to relapse without guidance. Recovery outcomes are most successful when users engage in comprehensive care, which includes therapy, relapse prevention, and support networks.

3. Is meth addiction different from addiction to other stimulants like cocaine or Adderall?

Yes. Although all are CNS stimulants, meth produces a longer-lasting and more intense high due to how it’s metabolized and how deeply it affects the brain’s dopamine system. Additionally, meth carries a higher risk of neurotoxicity, making its long-term health impacts more severe than many other stimulants.

4. Are there medications available to help treat meth addiction?

Currently, there are no FDA-approved medications specifically for methamphetamine addiction. However, some clinical trials have shown promise with combinations like bupropion and naltrexone. Treatment usually focuses on behavioral therapies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and contingency management.

5. Can meth use cause permanent brain damage?

Yes, long-term meth use can lead to lasting neurological changes, particularly in areas of the brain responsible for memory, emotion regulation, and decision-making. While some damage may improve with sustained abstinence and therapy, certain cognitive deficits may persist indefinitely.

6. What should I do if I suspect someone I love is using meth?

Approach the situation with compassion, not confrontation. Encourage open dialogue and avoid blame. When ready, guide them toward professional help, starting with a primary care provider or an addiction specialist. Having resources and treatment options ready can make the transition to care smoother.

References:

1. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA): Key Substance Use and Mental Health Indicators in the United States: Results from the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health
2. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA): Drug Scheduling
3. Science Direct: Psychological treatment for methamphetamine use and associated psychiatric symptom outcomes: A systematic review
4. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Drug Overdose Deaths in the United States, 1999–2020 

Cocaine is one of the most notorious illicit substances in the world. Known for its fleeting euphoria and devastating consequences, cocaine has long been a topic of interest for researchers, health professionals, and policymakers. But what exactly is cocaine, and is it truly a stimulant? The short answer: yes. Cocaine is a powerful stimulant that affects the central nervous system, with significant physiological, psychological, and social implications.

In this article, you will learn:

• What is cocaine, and is it a stimulant?
• How does cocaine affect your brain and body?
• What is cocaine addiction?
• What are the short and long-term risks of cocaine abuse?

What Is Cocaine?

Cocaine is a highly addictive drug derived from the coca plant, which is native to South America. Indigenous cultures have been chewing coca leaves for centuries for their mild stimulant effects. However, the refined form—cocaine hydrochloride, a fine white powder—has an entirely different impact.

Cocaine is classified as a stimulant because it increases activity in the brain, particularly affecting the central nervous system. It triggers the rapid release of dopamine, a chemical messenger associated with pleasure and reward. This results in heightened alertness, increased energy, and a short-lived sense of euphoria.

Cocaine can be consumed in multiple forms:

• Snorted cocaine (powdered cocaine) through the nose
• Smoked cocaine, often as crack cocaine (a form processed with baking soda)
• Injected cocaine, typically dissolved in water

Each method affects the onset, intensity, and duration of cocaine’s effects, but all carry significant health risks.

How Cocaine Affects the Body and Brain

The effects of cocaine use vary depending on dose, method of ingestion, frequency, and individual physiology. Here’s what happens in the body:

1. Neurological Effects

Cocaine blocks the dopamine transporter, preventing dopamine from being reabsorbed into brain cells. 

This flood of dopamine disrupts normal communication between brain regions, leading to effects like:[1]

• Euphoria
• Increased talkativeness
• Dilated pupils
• Mood swings
• Panic attacks
  

Chronic users often experience psychological withdrawal symptoms such as depression, paranoia, and cocaine psychosis, which includes hallucinations and violent behavior.

2. Cardiovascular Effects

Cocaine causes constricted blood vessels, high blood pressure, and increased heart rate. 

These reactions can lead to:[2]

• Heart attack
• Cardiac arrest
• Respiratory failure
• Sudden death
  

Even a single dose of cocaine can lead to fatal complications, especially when combined with other drugs or other substances like alcohol.

3. Gastrointestinal Complications

The drug reduces blood flow to the stomach and intestines, potentially causing:[3]

• Abdominal pain
• Ulcers
• Severe nausea

4. Nasal and Respiratory Damage

Regularly snorting cocaine can damage nasal tissues and lead to nasal septum perforation.[4] This can also occur when snorting other drugs like Adderall. Crack cocaine, when smoked, harms the lungs and airways.

5. Reproductive and Fetal Risks

In pregnant women, cocaine use can lead to birth defects, fetal development issues, and increased risk of miscarriage or sudden death in newborns.[5]

Cocaine Addiction and Use Disorder

Cocaine addiction is a hallmark of substance use disorders. Repeated exposure alters brain chemistry, making it harder for individuals to feel pleasure without the drug. The Congressional Research Service reports that around 5.2 million people aged 12 or older in the U.S. reported cocaine use in 2021, with over 1 million meeting criteria for cocaine use disorder.[6]

The withdrawal symptoms associated with cocaine include:

• Fatigue
• Depression
• Anxiety
• Risky behaviors
• Intense cravings
  

Unlike opioids, cocaine withdrawal is mostly psychological but no less intense. These symptoms often drive users back to the drug, perpetuating the cycle of cocaine abuse.

Short-Term vs. Long-Term Risks

Short-Term Effects of Cocaine

When you use cocaine, you will experience short-term effects such as:

• Surge of energy
• Decreased appetite
• Heightened confidence
• Increased risk of toxic effects, especially when used with other substances

Long-Term Effects of Cocaine

Abusing cocaine repeatedly over time will put you at risk of experiencing the following long-term health risks:

• Brain damage
• Cognitive decline
• Increased violent behavior
• Heightened susceptibility to cocaine overdose
• Social and financial deterioration
• Permanent cardiovascular and respiratory damage
  

Frequent use often leads to chronic users developing tolerance, requiring higher doses to achieve the same effect, raising the risk of overdose and death.

Cocaine and Other Drugs

Cocaine is often used in conjunction with other drugs—particularly alcohol, heroin (as part of a “speedball”), or sedatives. These combinations exponentially increase the health risks and likelihood of fatal outcomes.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in 2021 alone, over 24,500 cocaine-related deaths were reported in the U.S., many involving other substances.[7]

Cocaine Use in Social Context

From nightclubs to boardrooms, cocaine has a complicated cultural footprint. Often glamorized in pop culture, it’s associated with status, creativity, and high performance. But beneath the surface lies a destructive force that can upend lives.

Drug paraphernalia, like rolled bills, mirrors, and glass pipes, is often the first visual indicator of cocaine abuse. Unfortunately, this normalization contributes to increasing cases of cocaine use disorder, especially among young adults.

Treatment Options for Cocaine Abuse

Overcoming cocaine addiction requires comprehensive support, both medical and psychological. Here are the primary options:

• Detox programs: Though cocaine withdrawal isn’t usually life-threatening, symptoms can be overwhelming.
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): A cornerstone of addiction treatment.
• Group therapy: Programs like Cocaine Anonymous provide peer support and accountability.
• Outpatient and inpatient rehabilitation centers offer structured recovery paths.
  

If you are looking for cocaine addiction treatment, Blue Star Recovery is here to help. We offer evidence-based treatments and a compassionate approach to recovery, making sobriety achievable for everyone. 

Get Connected to Cocaine Use Disorder Treatment 

To answer the original question: Yes, cocaine is a stimulant—and a dangerously powerful one at that. It excites the brain and body at a tremendous cost, leading to long-term adverse effects, addiction, and sometimes, sudden death.

Because of the risks associated with abusing cocaine, you should seek treatment as soon as possible. Contact Blue Star Recovery today for more information on our cocaine treatment center. 

Frequently Asked Questions About Cocaine

1. Can someone become addicted to cocaine after just one use?

While addiction typically develops over repeated use, even a single experience with cocaine can prime the brain for dependence, especially in individuals with genetic, psychological, or environmental risk factors. Cocaine hijacks the brain’s reward system rapidly, making the potential for early compulsive use very real.

2. What’s the difference between powder cocaine and crack cocaine in terms of legality and penalties?

Legally, crack cocaine has historically carried harsher sentencing laws in many jurisdictions despite being pharmacologically similar to powder cocaine. This discrepancy has been widely criticized and is the focus of ongoing criminal justice reform efforts. Both forms are Schedule II controlled substances in the U.S., indicating high abuse potential but some limited medical use under strict conditions.

3. How does cocaine interact with mental health conditions like anxiety or bipolar disorder?

Cocaine can exacerbate pre-existing psychiatric symptoms, often triggering manic episodes in people with bipolar disorder or worsening anxiety and panic attacks. In some cases, it can induce temporary psychosis even in users without prior mental health diagnoses. These risks are heightened in individuals with underlying mood or personality disorders.

4. Is it possible to overdose on cocaine without realizing it?

Yes. Cocaine’s effects can escalate quickly—especially when mixed with other substances like alcohol or opioids—leading to unrecognized overdoses. Symptoms such as chest pain, seizures, or hallucinations may be misinterpreted as part of the high rather than a medical emergency.

5. What does long-term recovery from cocaine addiction look like?

Long-term recovery often involves more than just detox. It typically includes ongoing therapy, support groups, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, medication for co-occurring disorders. Relapse is common but manageable with consistent support. Recovery is a process, not a one-time fix.

6. Are there any medical uses for cocaine today?

Yes, though rare, cocaine hydrochloride is still used in some medical settings as a topical anesthetic for procedures involving the nose, throat, or mouth due to its numbing and vasoconstrictive properties. However, these uses are tightly regulated and not reflective of recreational drug use.

References:

1. The National Library of Medicine (NLM): The Neurobiology of Cocaine Addiction
2. MDPI: Acute and Chronic Effects of Cocaine on Cardiovascular Health
3. Sage Journals: Life-Threatening Abdominal Complications Following Cocaine Abuse
4. Cureus: Journey of the Nasal Septum Into the Lungs: A Unique Complication of Cocaine Abuse
5. JOGC: Cocaine Abuse During Pregnancy
6. Congressional Research Service:  Cocaine: Crack and Powder Sentencing Disparities 
7. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Drug Overdose Deaths in the United States, 2002–2022

Oxycodone is a powerful opioid used to relieve pain, especially in cases of moderate to severe pain. While effective at managing pain signals sent through the brain and spinal cord, oxycodone also carries a high risk for physical dependence, misuse, and addiction. Whether you’re taking oxycodone under medical supervision or are concerned about someone struggling with oxycodone addiction, understanding how long oxycodone stays in your system is crucial.

In this article, you will learn:

• What is the timeline of oxycodone in the body?
• What factors affect oxycodone’s duration? 
• How is oxycodone detected through various drug tests? 

What Is Oxycodone and How Does It Work?

Oxycodone is a semi-synthetic opioid, originally derived from thebaine, a chemical found in the opium poppy plant. It is classified as a Schedule II controlled substance due to its high potential for abuse and addiction. Healthcare professionals typically prescribe oxycodone to relieve severe pain, often after surgery, injury, or for chronic pain conditions when other medications aren’t effective.

Oxycodone works by attaching to opioid receptors in the central nervous system, blocking pain signals between the body and brain. This interaction not only relieves pain but also can produce feelings of euphoria, making it a drug with high misuse potential.

How Long Does Oxycodone Stay in Your System?

How long oxycodone stays in your system depends on many individual factors, but generally, oxycodone’s half-life is around 3 to 5 hours for immediate-release formulations and 4.5 to 6.5 hours for extended-release forms. The half-life is the amount of time it takes for half of the drug to be eliminated from the body. However, it takes several half-lives to fully remove the drug, roughly 24 hours for most users, though the drug’s presence can be detected much longer than that.

Factors That Affect How Long Oxycodone Stays in the Body

Several factors affect how long oxycodone remains in your system, including:

• Metabolism: Slower metabolic rates can prolong how long the drug stays in the body.
• Liver and kidney function: These organs help eliminate drugs from the system. Poor function can delay the process.
• Body fat: Individuals with higher body fat percentages may retain oxycodone longer since it is lipophilic (fat-soluble).
• Genetic variations: Genetic factors can influence how your body processes drugs.
• Age and overall health: Older adults or those with health conditions may take longer to eliminate the drug.
• Dosage and frequency: Higher doses and long-term use can lead to accumulation in fat cells and tissues, slowing elimination.
• The Presence of other medications and substances: Combining oxycodone with other drugs can interfere with its breakdown.

Drug Testing: How Long Can Oxycodone Be Detected?

Oxycodone can show up on several types of drug tests, each with a different detection window:

• Urine test: The most common method. Detects oxycodone for 1–4 days after the last use.
• Blood test: Detects the drug for about 24 hours, though blood tests are less commonly used due to the short window.
• Saliva test: Can detect oxycodone within 15–30 minutes of use and up to 1–2 days later.
• Hair tests: These can detect oxycodone for up to 90 days, although they aren’t often used in clinical settings.
  

These windows can vary widely depending on the individual’s health, dose, and how long they’ve been taking oxycodone.

Withdrawal and Physical Dependence

One of the dangers of oxycodone is the development of physical dependence, where the body gets used to having the drug and experiences withdrawal symptoms when it’s no longer present.

Common oxycodone or opioid withdrawal symptoms include:

• Muscle pain
• Anxiety
• Nausea and vomiting
• Sweating
• Insomnia
• Irritability
• Diarrhea

Symptoms of withdrawal can begin within 6–12 hours after the last dose for short-acting oxycodone and 24–48 hours for extended-release versions. They can last for several days or even weeks, depending on the duration of use and the dose.

Why Detection Matters: Pain Relief vs. Misuse

While prescription drugs like oxycodone are a legitimate part of pain management for many, misuse is a rising concern. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), over 2.7 million people in the U.S. live with an opioid use disorder, and opioids—including oxycodone—were involved in nearly 75% of all drug overdose deaths in 2021.[1,2]

This dual nature of oxycodone—as both an essential pain relief medication and a potential gateway to addiction—makes awareness of its timeline and effects critical.

The Dangers of Long-Term Use and Misuse

Oxycodone misuse and opioid abuse doesn’t just lead to dependence. It can cause:

• Respiratory depression, especially when combined with other opioids or sedatives
• Impaired cognition
• Hormonal imbalances
• Risk of overdose
• Strained relationships and social isolation
  

Colloquially referred to as “hillbilly heroin,” oxycodone has become symbolic of the opioid crisis, especially in rural communities.

Addiction Treatment and Coping Strategies

If you or someone you love is struggling with oxycodone addiction, the good news is that help is available, and recovery is possible.

Addiction treatment may include:

• Medication-assisted treatment (MAT): Combining behavioral therapy with medications like buprenorphine or methadone to reduce cravings and withdrawal.
• Group therapy and support groups: These provide emotional support, accountability, and coping tools.
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Helps individuals develop coping strategies, address triggers, and repair emotional health.
• Inpatient or outpatient rehab: Depending on the severity, structured programs can offer safe detox, medical care, and long-term planning.
  

Healthcare providers play a key role in navigating this path. If you or a loved one is concerned about oxycodone misuse, consult healthcare professionals to build a personalized recovery plan.

How to Safely Stop Taking Oxycodone

It’s essential never to abruptly stop oxycodone without medical guidance. Withdrawal symptoms can be severe, and sudden cessation can be dangerous. A tapering schedule, under medical supervision, is often recommended to gradually lower the dose and allow the body to adjust.

Get Connected to Professional Treatment for Oxycodone Addiction 

Oxycodone can stay in your system for a few hours to several days, depending on numerous factors. While the drug plays a vital role in relieving pain, its potential for addiction and longer-term presence in the body make it important to approach with caution.

If you’re dealing with oxycodone addiction, know this: you are not alone, and recovery is within reach. Get in touch with the substance use experts at Blue Star Recovery. We can help you recover using a number of tools, including joining a support group, learning new coping strategies, or entering treatment. Your future doesn’t have to be defined by the past.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Can oxycodone show up as another substance on a drug test?

While some opioids can trigger false positives for other drugs, modern drug tests are typically specific enough to differentiate oxycodone from other opioids. However, in some basic screening panels, oxycodone may not be detected unless the test is specifically designed to look for it. If accuracy is a concern, request a comprehensive opioid panel.

2. How can I support a loved one who’s struggling with oxycodone addiction?

Start by learning about opioid addiction and approaching your loved one without judgment. Encourage open dialogue and offer to help them connect with a healthcare provider or treatment program. Attending support groups like Nar-Anon can also help you build emotional resilience and understand how to offer meaningful support.

3. Is it dangerous to combine oxycodone with alcohol or anxiety medications?

Yes, combining oxycodone with other central nervous system depressants—such as alcohol, benzodiazepines (like Xanax), or sleeping pills—greatly increases the risk of respiratory depression, overdose, and death. Always inform your healthcare provider about any medications or substances you’re using.

4. Can someone become addicted even if they take oxycodone as prescribed?

Yes. Even at a prescribed dose, prolonged use of oxycodone can lead to tolerance, dependence, and eventually addiction. This risk underscores the importance of regular check-ins with your doctor and considering alternative pain management strategies when appropriate.

5. What are some alternatives to oxycodone for managing chronic pain?

Options vary based on the cause of the pain but may include non-opioid medications (like acetaminophen or NSAIDs), physical therapy, nerve blocks, acupuncture, and behavioral therapies that address the psychological aspects of chronic pain. Multimodal pain management plans are often most effective.

6. What should I do if I suspect someone is overdosing on oxycodone?

Call emergency services immediately. If available, administer naloxone (Narcan), an opioid antagonist that can reverse the effects of overdose. Time is critical, so act fast and stay with the person until help arrives. Even if they wake up, they still need medical attention.

Sources:

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2023). Opioid Overdose Data. https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/data/index.html
2. National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). (2023). Opioid Overdose Crisis. https://nida.nih.gov/drug-topics/opioids/opioid-overdose-crisis

Millions of people use prescription stimulant drugs to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and other conditions. Adderall is one of the most commonly prescribed ADHD stimulant drugs in the United States. 

Some people misuse Adderall by taking it differently than prescribed or using it recreationally. Misusing Adderall can lead to physical dependence. People who become dependent on Adderall typically require treatment and ongoing support to stop using it. 

This article will explore how long Adderall stays in the body after you stop taking it. 

• How Adderall works
• Adderall’s side effects
• What happens during Adderall withdrawal
• How long drug tests may detect Adderall
• Where to find Adderall dependence treatment

If you or someone you love struggles with Adderall misuse, you are not alone. Blue Star Recovery offers comprehensive, compassionate substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. Contact our intake team to learn more about our programs or to schedule an intake assessment.

What is Adderall?

Adderall and Adderall XR are prescription stimulant drugs containing a mixture of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. Doctors may prescribe Adderall to help patients manage the symptoms of ADHD and other conditions. 

Adderall stimulates activity in the central nervous system (CNS). In people living with ADHD, increased CNS activity can reduce symptoms of this condition, including:

• Poor concentration
• Agitation
• Difficulty maintaining focus

People with ADHD who take Adderall may be able to maintain attention and finish tasks more effectively. These improvements can lead to better daily functioning.

Some people take Adderall recreationally (without a prescription) for its stimulant effects. This is most common among adolescents, college students, and young adults.

People who do not have ADHD may experience side effects when taking it, including:

• Elevated energy
• Better concentration
• Ability to sustain attention for longer periods

People may misuse Adderall to maintain focus while studying or to increase athletic performance. However, misusing Adderall can have serious short and long-term effects. 

If you or a loved one struggles with Adderall misuse, seek treatment as soon as possible. Contact the Blue Star Recovery specialists to learn more about your treatment options. 

Side Effects of Adderall Misuse

People who misuse regular or extended-release versions of Adderall may have unwanted side effects or complications. This is more common among people who take higher doses of the drug than prescribed. Sometimes, the side effects of Adderall may be dangerous. 

Common side effects of Adderall misuse include:

• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Dizziness
• Fainting
• Stomach pain
• Mood changes
• Anxiety
• Breathing problems
• Slowed speech
• Numbness in the arms and legs
• Seizures
• Insomnia

Misusing Adderall increases the risk of unwanted or dangerous side effects. People may also develop tolerance or physical dependence after prolonged misuse. 

It is crucial to get help if you misuse Adderall. People who take prescription Adderall should discuss any new or worsening side effects they experience. 

Understanding Adderall Withdrawal

People who develop a physical dependence on Adderall typically experience withdrawal symptoms if they stop taking it. This can make it hard to stop using Adderall for good.

Common Adderall withdrawal symptoms include:

• Mood swings
• Aggression
• Anxiety
• Weight gain
• Poor concentration
• Insomnia
• Fatigue
• Panic attacks
• Body aches
• Depression
• Suicidal thoughts

These symptoms can vary depending on the dosage and the amount of time someone has misused Adderall. Symptoms occur as the body eliminates Adderall and other substances. They can also continue long after a drug is no longer present in the body.

How Long Does Adderall Stay in Your System?

Several factors can affect how long Adderall stays in your body. Factors such as your body weight and composition, age, general health, and others can influence how long it takes to eliminate Adderall from your body. 

Drug tests can detect Adderall in different bodily systems. Here is an overview of how long drug tests may detect Adderall.

Urine tests

Urine testing is the most common form of drug screening in the country because it is inexpensive and non-invasive. This form of testing can detect Adderall in urine for up to 96 hours after your last dose.

Saliva tests

Saliva testing has a shorter detection window than urine testing. Adderall may appear on a saliva test for up to two days after your last dose.

Blood tests

Your body begins to metabolize Adderall as soon as it reaches the bloodstream. Metabolizing Adderall creates byproducts that remain in the blood for up to 50 hours after your last dose.

Hair tests

Hair testing is uncommon but has the longest detection window of any type of drug testing. Hair tests may detect Adderall for up to 90 days after your last dose.

If you are concerned about Adderall appearing on a drug test, it may be a sign that you need professional treatment to stop. Comprehensive SUD treatment typically includes medical care, emotional support, and education to help you overcome substance use. A treatment plan might consist of medically-supported detox programs, mental health treatment, counseling, relapse prevention education, holistic therapies, and more. 

Substance use disorder is treatable. Get the help you need and deserve as soon as you recognize the signs of misuse and dependence. The sooner you seek treatment, the sooner you can start working toward the healthy future you want.

Find Substance Use Disorder Treatment Now

Overcoming Adderall dependence can be challenging, but receiving the right treatment can help you do it. Contact the specialists at Blue Star Recovery to learn more about our treatment and recovery support programs. Contact us to learn more about our treatment facility or to schedule an intake appointment.

References:

1. Taylor & Francis Online: A review of amphetamine extended release once-daily options for the management of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
2. National Institute of Health (NIH): Neurocognitive, Autonomic, and Mood Effects of Adderall: A Pilot Study of Healthy College Students
3. NIH: Amphetamine Positive Urine Toxicology Screen Secondary to Atomoxetine
4. NIH: Dextroamphetamine-Amphetamine

Methamphetamine is an illicit stimulant drug. It is highly addictive and very dangerous. People who abuse meth for even a short period can quickly develop a life-threatening dependence. Research from 2021 suggests that around 2.5 million people in the United States reported using meth in the previous year, making it one of the most commonly misused drugs in the country. 

Meth use can change how your body and brain work. These changes can make it very challenging for people to stop using meth. Meth use can cause serious short and long-term effects on a person’s mental and physical health. 

Meth sores are one common effect of the drug. People who use meth may develop sores or lesions that are prone to infection. This common side effect is one of the signs of meth use.

This article will explore how meth sores develop. You will learn:

• The effects and risks of meth use
• Why meth users develop sores
• How to treat meth mites
• How to recognize and treat meth use
• Where to find substance use disorder (SUD) treatment and recovery support

If you or a loved one requires treatment for SUD, you are not alone. Find effective treatment and compassionate support at Blue Star Recovery. Contact our treatment team to learn more about our programs or to schedule an intake appointment. 

What is Methamphetamine?

Methamphetamine (meth) is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant drug. Some people may call meth “crystal meth,” “ice,” and other slang terms. This dangerous drug can cause a range of medical and mental health side effects. 

People who use meth can quickly develop a dependence on it. Overcoming meth dependence can be very challenging. It is critical to seek comprehensive treatment to manage the emotional, behavioral, and physical effects of meth withdrawal. People must also receive ongoing treatment and support to prevent relapse. 

The Effects and Risks of Meth Abuse

Methamphetamine is a potent CNS stimulant. Meth use can cause short and long-term effects. Some potential short-term effects of meth include:

• Elevated energy
• Rapid heart rate
• Euphoria
• Appetite loss
• Increased blood pressure
• Aggression
• Anxiety
• Delusions
• Hallucinations
• Loss of coordination
• Paranoia
• Memory problems
• Confusion
• Scratching and picking at the skin, which results in wounds

Regular meth use may cause someone to develop tolerance. People with tolerance must take larger doses of meth to get the desired effects. Over time, this may lead to physical dependence. 

Ongoing meth use can result in long-term physical and mental health complications. Long-term effects of meth use include:

• Severe dental problems (meth mouth)
• Malnutrition
• Severe weight loss
• Chronic runny nose
• Lung damage
• Sexually transmitted infections
• Lesions, scarring, abscesses, and other skin problems

It is critical to seek treatment for meth use as soon as possible. Contact the Blue Star Recovery specialists to learn more about our programs or to find the support you need. 

What are Meth Sores?

Meth sores are a physical symptom of methamphetamine use. They are wounds on the face, arms, or other areas of the body that occur when people scratch or pick at their skin. 

Addiction experts believe there are several potential causes of meth sores. Here is a closer look at this symptom of meth use. 

Meth mites

Meth can cause hallucinations of bugs crawling under the skin. Some people refer to this phenomenon as “meth mites.” While there are no real “bugs,” people may scratch or pick at their skin to relieve this unsettling sensation. This may cause open wounds and sores.

Reduced blood flow

Methamphetamine restricts blood vessels, resulting in poor blood flow to the skin’s surface. This can cause dry, scaly, or flaky patches that itch. People may scratch excessively, which can cause open wounds.

Sweat

Methamphetamine is water-soluble, meaning it is excreted in sweat, saliva, and urine. When someone sweats, the combination of meth and sweat can irritate the skin. This may result in lesions or sores. 

Weakened immune system

Methamphetamine can weaken the immune system, preventing wounds from healing. Sores and other wounds may remain open or become infected more easily. 

Meth sores are an indication that someone is using methamphetamine. Contact the Blue Star Recovery specialists to learn more about meth use or dependence. 

How to Treat Meth Sores

Meth sores can be uncomfortable and may lead to a serious, even life-threatening infection. Treatment for meth sores typically includes:

• Keeping the area clean
• Applying topical antibiotic ointments to prevent infection
• Seeking medical treatment, including IV antibiotics, for spreading infections

It is critical to seek treatment to address methamphetamine use as soon as you recognize the signs. Some signs of meth use include:

• Losing weight quickly
• Hallucinations
• Insomnia
• Agitation, aggression, or violent behaviors
• Skin scratching or picking
• Confusion
• Irritability
• Using larger amounts of methamphetamine
• Experiencing withdrawal symptoms when not using meth

People who use meth can quickly develop a life-threatening dependence. Seek substance use disorder treatment as soon as possible. 

Find Meth Addiction Treatment Now

If you or someone you love uses methamphetamine or other substances, you are not alone. Contact the Blue Star Recovery team to learn about our programs. Our intake specialists will answer your questions and guide you every step of the way to help you begin your recovery journey. Reach out today to get started toward your healthier future.

References:

1. Science Direct: Distribution of skin diseases among patients using methamphetamine
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Patterns and Characteristics of Methamphetamine Use Among Adults — United States, 2015–2018
3. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA): Key Substance Use and Mental Health Indicators in the United States: Results from the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health
4. National Institute of Health (NIH): Neurological manifestations of chronic methamphetamine abuse

Most people don’t expect to find dangerous drugs for sale legally at gas stations or convenience stores. However, some designer drugs and over-the-counter substances are sold in neighborhood gas stations all over the country. Zaza (tianeptine) is a dangerous substance for sale throughout the US without warning labels or regulation.. 

Tianeptine is a synthetic drug that binds to mu opioid receptors. It has a high risk of misuse and dependence. 

Manufacturers label doses of tianeptine as a dietary supplement. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not regulate supplements. This means children, teens, and others may engage in tianeptine abuse after purchasing it legally. 

It is critical to understand the potential for abuse, dependence, and other health risks related to zaza. Contact the Blue Star Recovery specialists to learn more about the dangers of zaza. You may also reach out to explore our treatment programs or ask questions. 

What is Zaza?

Tianeptine (zaza) is a synthetic drug. This drug was first introduced in France in the 1960s to treat depression. It does not work in the same way as other antidepressants. It binds to opioid receptors in parts of the brain responsible for emotional regulation, pleasure, and pain control. 

Some people refer to tianeptine as “gas station heroin.” This is because the effects of this drug mimic the effects of heroin and other opioids. Common brand names for these supplements include:

• Zaza Red
• Coaxil
• Neptune’s Fix
• Pegasus
• Stablon
• Red dawn
• Tianaa
• Tianna red

Zaza is available in pill and powder form and may be sold legally at gas stations or convenience stores. 

Is Zaza Addictive?

Tianeptine is a highly addictive substance. The FDA does not regulate it. This means that it can be challenging to determine daily doses or potency of these products. Generally, the effects of tianeptine are similar to those of other controlled substances. It has a high risk of physical dependence. Medical and SUD experts advise people to avoid tianeptine products at all costs. 

It is critical to be aware of the risk of tolerance and dependence when using these legal products. Gas station heroin, synthetic cannabinoids, and other “designer drugs” may be marketed as safe. However, these products can be just as risky as illegal substances. 

Designer drug use is rising in the United States. As a result, more people are developing serious issues related to these products. Contact Blue Star Recovery to learn more about Zaza or other designer drug use. Reach out with questions or to explore your treatment options. 

Understanding the Risks of Tianeptine

Tianeptine has gained popularity in recent years. The National Poison Data System and poison control centers have reported more calls about this dangerous, legal drug. People who use tianeptine can experience harmful side effects, including lethal overdose.

In recent years, the FDA issued a public warning about tianeptine. This occurred after the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported 20 cases of severe medical complications in New Jersey related to zaza use. Of the 20 people who needed medical care, over half required admission to an intensive care unit (ICU).

Manufacturers of tianeptine products market them as dietary supplements. They advertise that this supplement can reduce symptoms of anxiety and major depressive disorder. 

However, zaza (tianeptine) exposure can cause serious, even life-threatening consequences. 

The potential side effects of tianeptine use may include:

• Physical dependence
• Drowsiness
• Agitation
• Confusion
• Rapid heart rate
• Excessive sweating
• Slowed or stopped breathing

Zaza acts in the body similarly to an opioid. People may overdose on tianeptine if they take high doses of the drug.

An overdose is a life-threatening emergency that requires immediate medical intervention. Some common signs of an opioid overdose include:

• Limp arms and legs
• Vomiting
• Gurgling or choking noises
• Blue lips or fingernails
• Loss of consciousness
• Pale, cool, or clammy skin
• Slowed or stopped breathing

If you or someone near you is experiencing the symptoms of an opioid overdose, call 911 right away. Administer Narcan (naloxone) if you have it. Wait with the person until EMS arrives. 

If you or someone you love abuses tianeptine or other opioids, seek treatment as quickly as possible. Getting treatment early on can help you avoid long-term harm or death. Contact the Blue Star Recovery specialists to learn about our programs or to schedule an intake assessment. 

Treatment for Opioid Misuse and Dependence

People who become dependent on tianeptine may require opioid use disorder treatment to stop taking it safely. Opioid dependence treatment may include:

• Assessments and screenings
• Behavioral therapies
• Relapse prevention education
• Individual, family, and group counseling
• Holistic therapies like exercise, mindfulness, acupuncture, and nutrition support
• Aftercare planning

Depending on their needs, people may attend partial hospitalization programs or outpatient programs at different stages of their recovery journey. 

Contact the Blue Star Recovery specialists to learn more about Zaza or to explore your treatment options. Reach out to verify your insurance, ask questions, or schedule an appointment. 

References:

1. National Institute of Health (NIH): Tianeptine, an Antidepressant with Opioid Agonist Effects: Pharmacology and Abuse Potential, a Narrative Review
2. Frontiers in Psychiatry: Chronic tianeptine induces tolerance in analgesia and hyperlocomotion via mu-opioid receptor activation in mice
3. Science Direct: Tianeptine Abuse and Dependence: Case Report and Literature Review
4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Notes from the Field: Cluster of Severe Illness from Neptune’s Fix Tianeptine Linked to Synthetic Cannabinoids — New Jersey, June–November 2023

Kratom is a potent substance marketed as a natural dietary supplement, but it has the potential for serious harm. This dangerous supplement is widely available throughout the United States. People may use kratom out of curiosity or because they believe it is a safer alternative to opioids or other addictive substances. 

However, kratom misuse can lead to tolerance and physical dependence. People who misuse kratom may find it challenging to stop taking it when they choose. 

This article will explore Kratom misuse and withdrawal. You will learn:

• The effects and risks of kratom use
• How kratom dependence occurs
• What happens during the withdrawal process after stopping kratom
• What happens during kratom detox treatment
• Where to find comprehensive substance use disorder (SUD) treatment and recovery support

Contact the Blue Star Recovery specialists now to learn more about Kratom withdrawal and SUD treatment. Our intake specialists can answer your questions, verify your insurance, and help you determine which type of treatment is right for you.

What is Kratom?

Kratom is a substance derived from Mitragyna speciosa, a plant native to Southeast Asia. Kratom is available in smoke shops and other retailers in liquid, powder, or tablet forms.

When people use kratom, they can experience side effects that include:

• Sedation
• Decreased pain
• Euphoria
• Increased alertness

Kratom enters the bloodstream and travels to the brain. There, it binds to opioid receptors, producing similar effects to those of opioids. In some cases, people may use kratom as an alternative to opioid pain relievers. 

While people may believe kratom is safe and natural, many expects have expressed concern about the risk of severe side effects. Peopel who use kratom may develop life-threatening complications, including physical dependence. 

The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) recently classified kratom as a “drug of concern.” However, it does not regulate kratom. 

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued a public warning about the dangerous effects of kratom. It warnes that kratom is unregulated and may be toxic. In some cases, federal authorities have seized and destroyed kratom products because of their risk to the public.

Contact the Blue Star Recovery specialists to learn more about the potential risks of kratom use or to explore our treatment programs. 

Understanding Kratom Dependence

More research is needed to prove kratom’s risk of dependence. However, there are reports of people developing symptoms of physical dependence after using it regularly. Symptoms of dependence include:

• Requiring higher doses to get the desired effects
• Experiencing cravings for kratom
• Having withdrawal symptoms if they stop taking it

They may use kratom because they want to avoid opioid dependence. They may also believe that using kratom may reduce the risk of an opioid relapse since it works similarly to opioids. 

However, emerging research suggests that any kratom use is dangerous. Prolonged use may lead to serious complications, including physical dependence. 

If you or a loved one misuses kratom, find the support and treatment you need to stop at Blue Star Recovery. Contact us today to explore your treatment options or to schedule an intake appointment. 

Kratom Withdrawal Symptoms

Regular kratom users may experience withdrawal symptoms if they suddenly stop using it. 

Kratom withdrawal symptoms may include:

• RestlessnessDepression
• Anxiety
• Sweating
• Hot flashes
• Runny noseTension
• Mood swings
• Twitching in the arms and legs 
• Watery eyes
• Tremors
• Insomnia or poor sleep
• Nausea and vomiting

People may also experience intense cravings that make it challenging to avoid relapse. The severity and duration of withdrawal symptoms can depend on the frequency of a person’s kratom use, general health, and other factors. 

How Long Does Kratom Withdrawal Last? Understanding the Kratom Withdrawal Timeline

Several factors affect how long kratom withdrawal lasts. However, withdrawal symptoms generally follow a standard timeline. 

Here is an overview of what to expect during the kratom withdrawal timeline.

12-48 hours

Many people experience withdrawal symptoms within the first 12 hours after their final dose of kratom. Acute kratom withdrawal symptoms include:

• Nausea
• Restlessness
• Tremors
• Excessive sweating

Supervision, emotional support, and medical treatment can help you successfully manage the acute phase of kratom withdrawal.

24-72 hours

Your withdrawal symptoms may intensify over the first three days of detox. Symptoms at this stage may include:

• Depression
• Diarrhea
• Insomnia
• Nausea
• Anxiety
• Hot flashes

Worsening symptoms can increase the risk of relapse. It is critical to have supervision, medical care, and emotional support during this stage of withdrawal. 

72 hours-one week

Most people notice a significant improvement in their symptoms after the third full day of detox. Symptoms may become more manageable as the week goes on. By the end of the week, most of the symptoms should resolve completely. 

Blue Star Recovery offers comprehensive treatment and support programs to help people manage detox and recovery. Contact our intake team to learn more about our programs or to make your first appointment. 

Treatment During Kratom Detox

Treatment and support during detox are essential. Receiving supervision and care during detox can reduce the risk of relapse and help you work toward long-term recovery. 

During detox, medical and mental health specialists will assess your needs and provide the care you need. Your detox treatment plan might include:

• Medications to reduce withdrawal symptoms and manage discomfort
• Round-the-clock supervision and access to support
• Emotional support, including individual and group therapy
• Education about SUD and recovery
• Holistic therapies to soothe the body and mind, like yoga, mindfulness, and nutrition support

After a safe, successful detox, you must continue to receive substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. A comprehensive treatment program will help you identify and address the complex roots of substance use. This treatment will help you to avoid relapse and support your lifelong recovery journey. 

If you or someone you love struggles with kratom use, you are not alone. Contact the Blue Star Recovery specialists to learn about our treatment programs or to schedule an intake appointment.

Heroin is a highly addictive, illicit opiate drug. Research from 2021 revealed that of the 1.1 million people who reported using heroin in the previous year, nearly a million developed heroin use disorder. 

Heroin is available in several forms. This article will explore a form of heroin called black tar heroin. You will learn:

• What black tar heroin is
• The risks of heroin use
• How to recognize heroin misuse and dependence
• Where to find heroin misuse treatment

If you or a loved one struggles with heroin use, you are not alone. Find treatment and recovery support at Blue Star Recovery. Learn about our supportive treatment programs or schedule an intake appointment by contacting our specialists today.

What is Black Tar Heroin?

Heroin is a potent, illicit drug derived from morphine. People who use it may become dependent on heroin quickly. 

The appearance of heroin depends on the processing methods used to produce it. Black tar heroin looks like a sticky, dark substance similar to roofing tar. It’s usually cheaper and less refined than the white or brown powder heroin. Because it’s made using a simpler process, black tar heroin tends to have more impurities, and it is considered a less “pure” form of heroin. 

People who use black tar heroin most commonly inject it, but they can smoke it too. Both methods of use put people at risk of dangerous short and long-term effects. 

Dealers in the United States import this form of heroin from other countries. It is most commonly produced in Mexico, South America, and parts of Asia.

This sticky, dangerous substance has many of the same effects and risks as fine white powder or brown powdered heroin. Many heroin users consider white powder heroin to be the purest form of the drug. The black tar version is less pure and typically less expensive. 

Recognizing Heroin Slang Terms

People may use slang terms to refer to heroin use and dependence. Recognizing these terms may help you identify heroin misuse and seek treatment.

Common slang terms for heroin include:

• Boy or boi
• Brown
• Beast
• White horse
• Black eagle
• Euphoria 
• China white
• Coffee
• Mexican black tar
• Dope
• Snowball
• Dark brown
• Top dog
• DragonTar
• Skag
• Feelgood
• Flyer
• GearTragic magic
• H
• Big Harry
• Horse
• Junk
• Mud
• Rush hour
• Birdie powder
• Smack
• Snow
• Bulldog
• Hero
• Sweet dreams
• Tiger

Common slang terms for using heroin include:

• Junking
• Hooked on diesel
• Using dope
• Chasing the dragon
• Chasing the boy
• Chasing the horse
• Chasing the brown
• Chasing the dragon’s tail
• Chasing the white ghost
• Chasing the tiger
• Chasing the shadow
• Chasing the dragon’s breath
• Using number 3
• Using number 4
• Addicted to Mr. Black
• Using brown sugar
• Using tar
• Riding the white horse
• Riding a Mexican horse
• Chasing the white rabbit
• Hooked on Mrs. White
• Under the spell of Lady H
• Hooked on Lady Snow
• Addicted to Lady White
• Using Lady Black
• Riding the Lady Horse
• Smashing

Using slang terms for heroin can be a sign of misuse or dependence. Contact the Blue Star Recovery specialists to learn more about recognizing and treating heroin dependence. 

The Effects and Risks of Black Tar Heroin

Users typically inject or smoke black tar heroin. The effects of this form of heroin are similar to powdered heroin.

Short-Term Effects

The effects of black tar heroin can include:

• A feeling of contentment
• Dry mouth
• Reduced anxiety
• Euphoria
• Relaxation
• Nodding off
• Cloudy thinking
• Flushed skin
• Heaviness in the arms and legs

Risks of Black Tar Heroin Use

Injecting heroin and other drugs, like crack cocaine, can cause unique risks. Some of the most significant dangers of IV drug use include:

• Blood clots
• Bruising
• Collapsed veins
• Scars
• Restricted blood flow to areas of the body
• Skin and soft tissue infections
• Necrotizing fasciitis
• Permanent damage to the veins
• Abscesses
• Bacterial infections
• Infections
• Ulcers

Black tar heroin, in particular, can be even more dangerous because of its impurities. Infections at injection sites, like abscesses and skin ulcers, are more common with black tar heroin. There’s also a higher risk of conditions like wound botulism and necrotizing fasciitis (a severe skin infection).

Since black tar heroin is typically impure and sticky, creating a perfect environment for bacterial growth. This bacteria may enter the bloodstream, leading to paralysis. 

Overdose

Heroin use can lead to a life-threatening overdose. Symptoms of an overdose include:

• Confusion
• Shallow or stopped breathing
• Very small pupils
• Low blood pressure
• Dry mouth
• Coma
• Excessive drowsiness
• Blue lips or skin
• Weak pulse
• Uncontrollable muscle movements
• Loss of consciousness
• Disorientation

If you or someone near you exhibits signs of a heroin overdose, call 911 immediately. Administer Narcan (naloxone) if you have it. Wait with the person until help arrives. 

Contact the Blue Star Recovery specialists to learn more about the risks of black heroin use or to learn about our recovery programs. 

Recognizing and Treating Black Tar Heroin Misuse and Dependence

Heroin use is dangerous in all forms. It is critical to seek treatment as soon as you recognize the signs of heroin use or dependence. 

Some signs of heroin misuse include:

• Scars or track marks on the arms or other areas of the body
• Using slang while talking about heroin use
• Lying or being secretive about substance use
• Paraphernalia related to heroin use, such as spoons, lighters, or syringes
• Significant changes in behavior, appearance, appetite, or sleep patterns
• Increased isolation or only spending time with other heroin users
• New legal, social, or financial problems related to heroin use
• Exhibiting withdrawal symptoms (muscle aches, insomnia, chills, diarrhea, cravings) if they stop using heroin

Treatment for heroin addiction typically starts with a medical detox program. After detox, people receive comprehensive treatment that may include:

• Assessments and screenings
• Behavioral therapies
• Medication management
• Individual, group, and family counseling
• Psychoeducation
• Holistic therapies, such as exercise, mindfulness, acupuncture, nutrition support, and others
• Aftercare planning

People may attend inpatient or outpatient programs as needed. Each person follows an individualized treatment plan to meet their unique needs at every stage of recovery. 

Find Treatment for Heroin Addiction

Contact the Blue Star Recovery specialists to learn more about recognizing and treating heroin misuse. Learn about our programs or schedule an intake appointment by reaching out today. 

References:

1. National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA): What is heroin and how is it used?
2. U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA): Heroin
3. University of Pennsylvania: The Textures of Heroin: User Perspectives on “Black Tar” and Powder Heroin in Two US Cities
4. JAMA Network: Wound Botulism Associated With Black Tar Heroin Among Injecting Drug Users